Improvement in differential wheel-geabiig



@Snitch ,tatra atwt @ffice CHARLES FREDERICK COOKE, or YORK, AND JOHN s'rANDrIanncrLAM- Y- ssrn, GREAT BRITAIN.

Leiters `Patent No. 70,416, fimtefl AZlfmmmber 5, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT In DIFFERENTIAL WHEEL-crearne. Y'

'13() ALLWHOM l'l MAY CONCERN: i

Be it known that we, CIL-mtas Fnnonnicx COOKE, n? the Buckingham Works,in the city of/York, engineer, (l and Jonk S'rANDt-Il-lLmof Upper Stamford street, Lambeth, in the county of Surrey, engineer, both in the Kingilnrn oi" Great Britain, have'inventeil certain new and useful, Improvements in 4Differential lVhecl-Gearing,

and its 4application to various purposes;" anilwe do hereby dcclarethat tho'followng is a full'and exact. i

Ilescri tion thereof` reference bein-r had to the accom mn infY drawinvs and to the letters of reference marked p i Y o D D thereon. i

Our invention consists in certain novel arrangements and combination of wheels, and of parts connected therewithr forming a differential safety-gear apparatus.

This gear isi-applicable generally for transmitting motion and increasing or diminishing thc speed of certain parts of machines, such as tools for turning, screw-cutting, boring, wheel-cutting, and others; but we more particularly intend to apply it tocrabs, hoists, and cranes, to capstans and windlasses, and to'stccring apparatus for ships, traction engines, 'and the lilce purposes, in all 'of which its pecnliarity as safety or lock-gear is of the greatest-,importance vApplied to crabs the .gear consists,`in its most simple ferm, of four spur-wheels, which may be disposed as follows't The irst 4wheel ot`,'say forty-oncftceth, is placed `loose on or concentric with the main arbor or barrelshal't, and is fixed to the'frame, and no't'nevolving. The second wheel of', say, forty-two teeth, xed to the chain- 'barrels placed loose on themain arbor. A dish-wheel or arm, which we call the carrier, keyed to the main arbor betwoenthc first and second wheel, carries, on a a second arbor, the third and fourth or carrier-wheels, which are either cast in one piece or keyed to thc arbor, the third wheel of, say, fifteen teeth, gearing into the first wheel of forty-one teetlnoand the fourth wheel of, say, fourteen teeth, gearing into the second wheel of forty-two teeth. When the main arbor is turned round hy means ofthe handle the carrier willcause the third A wheel to roll round the first wheel, and the fourth wheel, being in" one piece with the third wheel, will roll round` the second wheel, and at the same time move it four teeth forward for cach revolution of the main arbor,"

f Owing to the peculiar arrangement described the barrel can only be turned through the carrier, and on the y handlebcingreleased the barrclwill remain stationary, although the load be suspended'from the barrel, the load'or pull on the barrel giving tne third and fourth wheels a tendency to revolve ina direction contrary to that in whichthey have to revolve for lowering the load. The gear is therefore a safety-gear, and the ratchetwheeland pawls necessary in ordinary crabs and other machines can,be dispensed with. Instead of having the first wheel secured to the frame, and not revolving, it may'be connected with and held by a friction-band or other` brake for the purpose of permitting ot' the more rapid Alowering of a load or of the empty chain.

I One part of our invention consists in forming crabs and other hoisting apparatus, constructed with our gear, into weighing apparatus for ascertaining and indicating the weight of the load suspended from the barrel. 'o ciect this the rst wheel, instead of being immovably fixed to the frame, is allowed to turn to acertain extent on the main arbor, its motion being limited by a graduated,levcror steelyard attached to it, vwhich is furnished with a sliding weight; or instead of the steelyard a combination of levers, such as is usual in coni nccticn with ordinary weighing apparatus, may bc employed. In raising a load its weight can by this meahs beat once ascertained, which will save thc extra .labor of separate weighing.

For some purposes, again, the iirst wheel, instead of being iixed, may have motion communicated to it from some independent source; but in all cases, whether ordinary spur-wheels, internal wheels, or bevel-wheels be used, our differential gear is composed of four wheels, the first being either xed or limited in its revolving motion, according to the' object in view, the sccondwheel being on the same axis as the first, and the third and fourth wheels made of or formed into one piecc,and carried by a carrier round the axis of the first and second wheels, into which they respectively gear. i

f" We will now proceed to describe the mode in which our improved gear maybe-applied to'various purposes,

reference being had to the annexed sheet of drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon.

Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly in section, ot' a crab, to which our differential gear is applied.

"'W'bo'x F2, which is cast in one piece with it, thesecond arbor G, with the carrier-wheels H and I. SupposingA the A is the frame, to which the first or fixed wheel B of forty-two teeth is attached, concentric with the arbor C. The second wheelD of forty-one teeth, cast in one piece Qvith the barrel E, turns loose on the arbor C. F is the carrier-arm, shown detached in Iside'elevation, keyed to arbor C, the forked end of which carries the second arbor, onwhich the third and fourth or carrier-wheels II of fourteen teeth,` and I of fifteen teeth, which f are cast in one piece, revolve. v

By turning the arbor C with` carrier F round one revolution by means of the handle K the wheel II will, in rolling round wheel B, make three revolutions, and the wheel I being in one piece with H will likewise make three revolutions, and consequently the wheel D. with barrel E attached, will be turned roundto the extent of four teeth. On the handle being. released, the barrel E with load suspended will remain stationary, for the reasons already explained.

The gear B D H I, with barrel E, forms a single-purchase crab, which, through the addition of pinion L, -iixed to barrel E, and wheel M and barrel E is formed into a compound crab for heavier loads. The weight F is for thepurpose of counter-balancing the wheels H and I and forked carrier ends.

`Figure 2 represents onemodification of crab, with internal wheels, the carrier F being again represented detached in side elevation, the letters of reference used denoting corresponding parts to those in fig. l.

The use of internal gear for crabs has the advantage 'of giving increased power, and .attho Same time securing the attendants from contact with the' wheels, which are boxed in. The gear may be applied to crabs and other hoisting apparatus in a variety of ways, and insteadrof the carrier being as described, it may, when v A thecarrier-wheels are of larger diameter, gearing into internal wheels, be Vin.the form of an eccentric, upon which the carrier-wheels revolve; or, again, the carrier may be a crank on al separate arbor, the carrier-wheels 'revolving on the crank-pin.

Figure 3 represents one mode in which our g'ear may bev applied to a ships capstan. A is the standard or pillar, supported to be bolted to the deck planks. At the upper part of A is keyed tbc'iixcd wheel B, whilst the second wheel D is again cast in one piece with the barrel or drum E of the capstan. The cap F, formed with the usual sparsockets F, acts at the same time as carrier, and supports in the number of teeth inthe four wheels B D H I to be forty-two, forty-one, fourteen, and ifteen teeth respectively, the ca-pstan-barrel E will be turned by four teeth of the wheel D, or rather less than one-,tenth of a revolution for every revolution of the cap F. The capstan isworked, like the ordinary capstabs, by means of spars inserted into the sockets F1, and the hold on the spars may be released at any tiine. The capstan-barrel with weight suspended from it always-remains in its position without the 'necessity of a ratchet-wheel and pawls, as in ordinary capstans, and with perfect safety to the hands elnployed inwerking it. In order to `reduce the strain upon the teeth of the four wheels B D H I, the cap F'may be made with a second box, F2, arbor G, and wheels H I.

Figure 4 represents a side elevation, partly in section, of a steering apparatus for vessels, to which our differential safety-gear is applied; and Y i Figure 5 is an end elevation ofthe sanne, the hund-wheel being removed..

A is the frame. 'Ilhe fixed .wheel B is secured by the pedestal-cap A', and is prevented from turning round by means of a key in the usual manner. Theshaft C, which carries the-hand-wheel K, has its bearing at one end in the iixed wheel B.' The second wheel D is cast in one piece with the bevel-pinion L, which latter gears into the'bevel-wheel M keyed to the upper end of the rudder-post N. The carrier-wheels II I revolveon the second arbor Gr, which is held at both'ends by the plates F3, which are screwed to and connect the fork ends Fz of carrier F, which is keyed to shaft C. Fl acts as counterweiglit to the wheels I-I I, fork ends F2, and plates F5.

This steering apparatus is by the application 'of our .gear again made into a safety apparatus. 'llie held upon the hand-wheel K ruay be released at any time, and whatever the position of the rudder it will remainthc same until changed through the hand-wheel. 1

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 4 1 1. The novel combination and arrangement of differential wheel-gearing, and its applicationte various purposes, in the manner substantially as described; and I l 2. The combination of our said differential wheel-gear with parts for the purpose of forming crabs and other hoisting apparatus.. into self-acting weighing machines, in the manner substantially as described.

y CHARLES FREDERICK COOKE,

JOHN s'r'A'NDFIELD.

.Witnesses WM. Roni?. LAKE, L. R. RODMER. 

